Continuously Variable Transmission / V BELT Transmission

 CVT stands for Continuously Variable Transmission. It is an automatic transmission system that provides seamless and infinite gear ratios without the need for discrete gears. CVT technology aims to optimize the engine's power output and fuel efficiency by allowing the engine to operate at its most efficient speed.

 

Traditional transmissions have a fixed set of gears, each with a specific gear ratio. When you change gears in a conventional transmission, the gear ratio changes abruptly, causing a noticeable shift in engine speed. In contrast, a CVT uses a system of pulleys and belts or a chain to provide an infinite number of gear ratios within a specific range.

CVT Basics

 The basic components of a CVT include:

 Input shaft: This connects to the engine and receives power from it.

Primary and secondary pulleys: These are two adjustable conical pulleys with variable diameters.

Belt or chain: It connects the primary and secondary pulleys.

Hydraulic control system: It adjusts the width of the pulleys to vary the gear ratio.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0A4pDfQwxzc

Here's how a CVT works:

When you start the engine, the input shaft receives power and rotates at the engine's speed.

The primary pulley is connected to the input shaft and can change its diameter by moving the halves of the pulley closer or farther apart.

The secondary pulley is connected to the output shaft, which drives the wheels, and it also adjusts its diameter.

As the input shaft rotates, the hydraulic control system determines the optimal gear ratio based on factors such as engine load, vehicle speed, and driver inputs.

Parts checking video

The hydraulic control system adjusts the width of the primary and secondary pulleys to create the desired gear ratio.

When you accelerate, the CVT increases the gear ratio to keep the engine operating at its most efficient speed. This allows the engine to deliver more power without abrupt shifts.

When you decelerate or maintain a constant speed, the CVT adjusts the gear ratio to lower the engine speed, improving fuel efficiency.

CVTs are designed to provide smooth acceleration without the need for gear changes. This smoothness eliminates the jerking sensation associated with traditional automatic transmissions. Additionally, CVTs can adapt to driving conditions and optimize engine performance for both fuel efficiency and power delivery.

 It's worth noting that there are different types of CVTs, including those that use a metal belt or chain and those that use a toroidal or planetary gear system. Each type has its own design and mechanism, but the fundamental principle of providing an infinite number of gear ratios remains the same.